J.C. Higgins Model 20⁚ A Comprehensive Guide
This comprehensive guide delves into the fascinating world of the J.C. Higgins Model 20, a 12-gauge pump-action shotgun that enjoyed widespread popularity during the mid-20th century. Produced by High Standard Manufacturing, this shotgun is known for its robust construction, smooth operation, and reliable performance, making it a favorite among both casual shooters and seasoned hunters.
History and Production
The J.C. Higgins Model 20, a 12-gauge pump-action shotgun, represents a significant chapter in the history of American firearms manufacturing and retail. This shotgun was a product of the collaboration between Sears, Roebuck and Company, a renowned mail-order retailer, and High Standard Manufacturing Corporation, a respected firearms manufacturer. The J.C. Higgins brand was Sears’s own line of sporting goods, and the Model 20 was one of its most successful offerings.
Production of the J.C. Higgins Model 20 commenced in 1946, shortly after World War II. The shotgun was initially offered in 12, 16, and 20 gauges, providing a range of options for different shooting needs. It was marketed as a reliable and durable firearm, appealing to both hunters and target shooters. Production continued until the early 1960s when Sears discontinued the J.C. Higgins brand. During its production run, the Model 20 gained a reputation for its smooth action, solid construction, and high quality, making it a sought-after shotgun for many years.
Features and Specifications
The J.C. Higgins Model 20 12-gauge pump-action shotgun boasted a range of features that contributed to its popularity and functionality. These features included a milled receiver, a proof-tested barrel, a walnut stock, and a blued finish. The receiver, machined from solid steel, provided strength and durability, while the proof-tested barrel ensured safe and reliable firing. The walnut stock, known for its natural beauty and durability, offered a comfortable grip, while the blued finish protected the metal surfaces from corrosion.
Notable specifications of the Model 20 included a 2 3/4-inch chamber, a fixed modified choke, and a 14-inch length of pull. The 2 3/4-inch chamber allowed for the use of standard 12-gauge shotgun shells. The fixed modified choke provided a tighter pattern for longer-range shooting, making it suitable for hunting and target shooting. The 14-inch length of pull ensured a comfortable fit for most shooters;
Manufacturing and Branding
The J.C. Higgins Model 20, a product of Sears, Roebuck and Company, was actually manufactured by the High Standard Manufacturing Corporation; This partnership, which began in the 1940s and continued until the early 1960s, resulted in a reliable and well-regarded shotgun that bore the J.C. Higgins name. Sears, known for its diverse catalog offerings, capitalized on the popularity of firearms, particularly shotguns, by offering a range of models under its own brand. The J.C. Higgins Model 20 was a testament to this strategy, providing customers with a quality shotgun at an affordable price.
High Standard, a reputable firearms manufacturer, brought its expertise to the production of the Model 20. They utilized their manufacturing capabilities and engineering knowledge to produce a shotgun that met Sears’ stringent quality standards. The resulting product, a sturdy and reliable pump-action shotgun, became a staple in the Sears catalog, enjoyed by countless shooters throughout the years.
Variations and Models
The J.C. Higgins Model 20, while primarily known as a 12-gauge shotgun, was also produced in 16 and 20 gauges. These variations provided shooters with options based on their preferred caliber and intended use. The 12-gauge, being the most common, was favored for its versatility, while the 16-gauge offered a lighter recoil, making it appealing for those seeking a more manageable shooting experience. The 20-gauge, the smallest of the three, was often favored by smaller-framed shooters or those seeking a lighter shotgun for upland game hunting.
Additionally, the Model 20 was available with a range of barrel lengths and choke configurations. The barrel length, typically ranging from 26 to 28 inches, influenced the shotgun’s handling and balance. The choke, which determined the pattern of shot spread, could be fixed or interchangeable, allowing shooters to customize their shotgun for different hunting scenarios. These variations provided shooters with a level of customization, ensuring that the Model 20 could be tailored to their individual needs and preferences.
Operation and Safety
The J.C. Higgins Model 20 operates on a simple and reliable pump-action system. To load the shotgun, the user first inserts a shell into the magazine tube located beneath the barrel. The action is then cycled by pulling the forend back and then pushing it forward, chambering a round. Pulling the trigger fires the round, and the action automatically cycles to eject the spent shell and chamber the next round. This process is repeated for each subsequent shot;
Safety is paramount when handling any firearm, and the Model 20 is equipped with a manual safety located on the right side of the receiver. This safety lever, when engaged, prevents the trigger from being pulled, ensuring that the shotgun cannot be fired accidentally. Additionally, the Model 20 incorporates a firing pin block that prevents the firing pin from striking the primer unless the trigger is pulled. These safety features, combined with proper handling and storage practices, help to minimize the risk of accidental discharge and ensure a safe shooting experience.
Maintenance and Repair
Regular maintenance is crucial for ensuring the longevity and reliable operation of your J.C. Higgins Model 20. Start by cleaning the shotgun thoroughly after each use. This involves removing the barrel, removing and cleaning the action, and cleaning the magazine tube. A good quality gun cleaning kit with a bore brush, cleaning patches, and a solvent specifically designed for firearms is recommended. Pay close attention to removing any residue from the firing pin and chamber, as this can lead to malfunctions.
For more complex repairs, consult a qualified gunsmith. Common repairs include replacing worn parts such as the extractor, ejector, or firing pin. If the action is sluggish or binds, a gunsmith can diagnose and address potential issues with the pump mechanism or lubrication. It’s important to note that improper repairs can compromise the safety and functionality of your firearm, so seeking expert assistance is essential.
Collecting and Value
While not as highly sought-after as some other vintage shotguns, the J.C. Higgins Model 20 holds a special place in the hearts of collectors and enthusiasts. Its sturdy construction, reliable performance, and connection to a bygone era make it a desirable addition to any collection. The value of a Model 20 varies greatly depending on its condition, rarity, and any unique features it may possess. A well-maintained example in original configuration can fetch a decent price, particularly if it comes with its original box and accessories.
However, it’s important to note that the Model 20 was produced in large quantities, and many examples are still readily available. Therefore, expect to pay a premium for models in excellent condition with a clean bore, tight action, and original finishes. If you’re looking to sell your Model 20, research current market values and compare prices from similar models to determine a fair asking price. Online auction sites and gun forums can be helpful resources for determining market values.
Where to Find Manuals and Information
Finding a genuine J.C. Higgins Model 20 manual can be a bit of a challenge. Sears, the original retailer, no longer offers manuals for their discontinued products. However, various resources can help you access information about your Model 20. One valuable source is online forums dedicated to firearms and collecting. These forums are populated by knowledgeable individuals who often share their expertise and access to vintage manuals.
Websites like GunBroker.com and AuctionArms.com sometimes list manuals for sale, though these can be expensive. Another option is to contact firearms experts or gunsmiths specializing in vintage shotguns. They may have access to manuals or be able to direct you to appropriate resources. Finally, consider reaching out to the High Standard Manufacturing Company, though they may not have original manuals for the J.C. Higgins Model 20.
While finding a specific manual for your shotgun might be difficult, you can still find valuable information on general shotgun operation, maintenance, and safety online. Many websites offer free downloadable manuals for similar pump-action shotguns, which can provide useful insights into the workings of your Model 20;
The J.C. Higgins Model 20, a product of the High Standard Manufacturing Company, represents a significant chapter in the history of American firearms. This reliable and robust 12-gauge pump-action shotgun was a popular choice for hunters, sport shooters, and even home defense enthusiasts. While its production ended in the early 1960s, the Model 20 continues to be sought after by collectors and enthusiasts.
While finding a dedicated manual for the Model 20 can be difficult, the wealth of information available online, coupled with the guidance of firearms experts and knowledgeable individuals, can equip owners with the necessary knowledge for safe handling, proper maintenance, and responsible enjoyment of this classic shotgun.
Whether you’re a seasoned collector or a newcomer to the world of vintage firearms, the J.C. Higgins Model 20 offers a glimpse into the craftsmanship and ingenuity of a bygone era. It’s a reminder that quality and reliability can endure, even as technology advances and trends change.
No Responses